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Understanding the US
position (Part 1) Why does the US propose a NATO intervention?
Historical and Investigative Research - 24
July 2006
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As shown in this series, Hezbollah is not a ‘militia,’ as much of the media would have you believe: it is an antisemitic terrorist army of extermination.[1] A year ago exactly, the Philadelphia Inquirer explained the tremendous symbolic importance that Hezbollah has for the terrorist enemies of Israel: “Hezbollah now controls the south [of Lebanon]. It is viewed throughout the region as the one armed Arab group that has defeated Israel by suicide bombers and guns [because Hezbollah claims that Israel withdrew from Lebanon in 2000 chased out by Hezbollah’s terrorism].”[2] Consistent with this, the same article explained that “the United States labels Hezbollah a terrorist organization.” This -- in combination with the oft-repeated US claim to love and support Israel -- leads some to conclude that the United States ruling elite must be opposed to Hezbollah. However, government officials routinely conceal the truth with public statements -- we all know this. Therefore, the public statements of government officials are not a reliable guide for the social scientist. Happily, the social scientist can examine the foreign policy behaviors of states, and in these behaviors the ruling elites that control state policy reveal their true values and goals. To understand the US ruling elite’s real attitudes toward both Israel and Hezbollah, then, let us first take a look at how US officials have reacted to the conflict between Israel and Hezbollah in the past, and then at how they are reacting this time.
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Israel at War -- An HIR Series |
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< The Arab reaction, and what it means < Who is killing Lebanese civilians? | 1 < Who is killing Lebanese civilians? | 2 |
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Footnotes and Further
Reading
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[1] WHAT
IS HEZBOLLAH?; Historical and Investigative Research - 22 July
2006; by Francisco Gil-White.
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hezbollah2.htm
[2] A unilateral Gaza pullout would only help Hamas, Philadelphia Inquirer, July 21, 2005, Thursday, COMMENTARY, K2959, 775 words, By Trudy Rubin
[3] “[Israel] said Hezbollah guerrillas were to blame for firing rockets into Israel from a position close to the U.N. post, thus drawing the errant Israeli artillery fire.”
SOURCE: Cease-fire imminent in Mideast, The Atlanta Journal and Constitution, April 20, 1996, Saturday,, ALL EDITIONS, 290 words, Charles W. Holmes; STAFF CORRESPONDENT, Jerusalem
[4] U.S., Needing Options, Finds Its Hands Tied, The New York Times, July 15, 2006 Saturday, Late Edition - Final, Section A; Column 3; Foreign Desk; TURMOIL IN THE MIDEAST: NEWS ANALYSIS; Pg. 1, 936 words, By HELENE COOPER; Mark Mazzetti contributed reporting from Washington for this article, and Jim Rutenberg from St. Petersburg, Russia., WASHINGTON, July 14
[5] WHAT
IS HEZBOLLAH?; Historical and Investigative Research - 22 July
2006; by Francisco Gil-White.
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hezbollah2.htm
[6] U.S. Urges Restraint By Israel; Democratic Government Seen Facing Jeopardy in Lebanon, The Washington Post, July 14, 2006 Friday, Final Edition, A Section; A14, 1052 words, Peter Baker, Washington Post Staff Writer, STRALSUND, Germany July 13
[7] WHO
ATTACKED ISRAEL?; Historical and Investigative Research; 21 July
2006; by Francisco Gil-White.
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hezbollah.htm
[8] "Hezbollah: Between Tehran and Damascus"; Middle East Intelligence Bulletin; Vol. 4, No. 2; February 2002; by Gary C. Gambill and Ziad K. Abdelnour
[9] WHAT
IS HEZBOLLAH?; Historical and Investigative Research - 22 July
2006; by Francisco Gil-White.
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hezbollah2.htm
[10] WHO
ATTACKED ISRAEL?; Historical and Investigative Research; 21 July
2006; by Francisco Gil-White.
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hezbollah.htm
[11] Hezbollah's grip will be tough to break, St. Petersburg Times (Florida), July 14, 2006 Friday, 0 Edition, NATIONAL; Pg. 10A, 947 words, SUSAN TAYLOR MARTIN SENIOR CORRESPONDENT
[12] WHO
ATTACKED ISRAEL?; Historical and Investigative Research; 21 July
2006; by Francisco Gil-White.
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hezbollah.htm
[12a]
"What is Hezbollah?"; By Jefferson Morley; washingtonpost.com;
Staff Writer; Monday, July 17, 2006; 5:14 PM.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-
dyn/content/article/2006/07/17/AR2006071700912.html
[13] “IS
THE US AN ALLY OF ISRAEL: A Chronological look at the evidence”;
Historical and Investigative Research; by Francisco Gil-White.
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hirally.htm
[14] Strikes Are Called Part of Broad Strategy; U.S., Israel Aim to Weaken Hezbollah, Region's Militants, The Washington Post, July 16, 2006 Sunday, Final Edition, A Section; A15, 1171 words, Robin Wright, Washington Post Staff Writer
[15] G8 leaders urge Middle East to halt violence; Bush defends Israeli actions but calls for restraint, USA TODAY, July 17, 2006 Monday, FINAL EDITION, NEWS; Pg. 4A, 474 words, David Jackson
[16] “Palestinian antagonism is such that when two uniformed Israeli reservists stray into Ramallah -- not two undercover commandos, as the Palestinian media claims -- they get torn limb from limb. . .”
SOURCE: THE ISRAELI VIEW: HOW TWO TRUTHS MAKE ONE TRAGEDY; IN FEW CONFLICTS ARE THE STANDPOINTS OF THE PROTAGONISTS SO POLARISED AS IN THE MIDDLE EAST. WE ASKED WRITERS FROM EITHER SIDE FOR THEIR EXPERIENCES, The Independent (London), October 22, 2000, Sunday, COMMENT; Pg. 18, 794 words, David Horovitz
[17] The U.S. is betting on a fight to the finish, Ottawa Citizen, July 18, 2006 Tuesday, Final Edition, NEWS; Lisa Van Dusen; Pg. A11, 1105 words, Lisa Van Dusen, Citizen Special
[18] The U.S. is betting on a fight to the finish, Ottawa Citizen, July 18, 2006 Tuesday, Final Edition, NEWS; Lisa Van Dusen; Pg. A11, 1105 words, Lisa Van Dusen, Citizen Special
[18a] CHATTER WE WON'T HEAR; EVER WONDER WHAT THOSE WORLD LEADERS MIGHT BE SAYING WHEN THE MICROPHONES ARE OFF?, The Toronto Sun, July 20, 2006 Thursday, FINAL EDITION, EDITORIAL/OPINION; Pg. 20, 513 words, BY RACHEL MARSDEN
[19] HANDS-OFF: BUSH'S RISKY MIDEAST STRATEGY: SEEK CHANGE, NOT QUICK PEACE, WALL STREET JOURNAL ABSTRACTS, July 19, 2006 Wednesday, Section A; Column 5; Pg. 1, 47 words, NEIL JR KING; KARBY LEGGETT; JAY SOLOMON
[20] WARFARE IN THE MIDDLE EAST; U.S. Now Supports a Buffer; The White House seeks a beefed-up multinational military presence on Lebanon's border with Israel. Arms monitors also would be deployed., Los Angeles Times, July 20, 2006 Thursday, Home Edition, MAIN NEWS; Foreign Desk; Part A; Pg. 1, 1757 words, Paul Richter and Laura King, Times Staff Writers, WASHINGTON
[21] TO
SEE WHERE ISRAEL IS HEADED, VISIT KOSOVO; Historical and
Investigative Research; 8 July 2006; by Francisco Gil-White.
http://www.hirhome.com/yugo/kosovo_junger.htm
[22] “THE
OSLO WAR PROCESS: Norwegians are the diplomatic 'advance guard'
of the US-European empire. They helped destroy Yugoslavia. They
set Israel on the path to destruction. Now they will finish
destroying Sri Lanka. Next: India.”; Historical and
Investigative Research; 29 October 2005; by Francisco Gil-White.
http://www.hirhome.com/yugo/oslo-intro.htm
[23] Terje
Rød-Larsen | From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terje_R%C3%B8d-Larsen
[24] WHO
ATTACKED ISRAEL?; Historical and Investigative Research; 21 July
2006; by Francisco Gil-White.
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hezbollah.htm
[25] WARFARE IN THE MIDDLE EAST; U.S. Now Supports a Buffer; The White House seeks a beefed-up multinational military presence on Lebanon's border with Israel. Arms monitors also would be deployed., Los Angeles Times, July 20, 2006 Thursday, Home Edition, MAIN NEWS; Foreign Desk; Part A; Pg. 1, 1757 words, Paul Richter and Laura King, Times Staff Writers, WASHINGTON
[25a]
This is from George Mason University's Peace Operations Policy
Program.
The portions dealing with the
nature of UNIFIL troops are
highlighted in yellow.
http://www.gmu.edu/departments/t-po/resource-bk/mission/unifil.htmlUNITED NATIONS INTERIM FORCE IN LEBANONLOCATION: Southern LebanonHEADQUARTERS: Naqoura DURATION: March 1978 to present STRENGTH: 5,187 troops assisted by 59 military observers of UNTSO's Observer Group Lebanon, and approximately 540 international and local civilian staff FATALITIES: 200 FORCE COMMANDER: Major-General Trond Furuhovde (Norway) BACKGROUND In the early 1970s, tension along the Israeli-Lebanon border increased, especially after the relocation of Palestinian armed elements from Jordan to Lebanon. Palestinian commando operations against Israel and Israeli reprisals against Palestinian bases in Lebanon intensified. On 11 March 1978, a commando attack in Israel resulted in many dead and wounded among the Israeli population; the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) claimed responsibility for that raid. In response, Israeli forces invaded Lebanon on the night of 14/15 March, and in a few days occupied the entire southern part of the country except for the city of Tyre and its surrounding area. ESTABLISHMENT OF UNIFIL On 15 March, the Lebanese Government submitted a strong protest to the Security Council against the Israeli invasion, stating that it had no connection with the Palestinian commando operation. On 19 March, the Security Council adopted resolutions 425 (1978) and 426 (1978), in which it called upon Israel immediately to cease its military action and withdraw its forces from all Lebanese territory. It also decided to establish immediately a United Nations interim force for southern Lebanon for an initial period of six months, subject to extension. The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) was set up with the mandate to confirm the withdrawal of Israeli forces from southern Lebanon, to restore international peace and security and to assist the Government of Lebanon in ensuring the return of its effective authority in the area. The first UNIFIL troops arrived in the area on 23 March 1978. UNIFIL'S ACTIVITIES Until now, however, it has not been possible for UNIFIL to carry out in full its original mandate. From its inception, the Force had to operate under extremely difficult conditions. The PLO and the Government of Israel never fully accepted the UNIFIL mandate with all its implications. Given these attitudes, the Force was prevented from deploying fully in the area evacuated by the Israeli forces between April and June 1978. In fact, the enclave along the border was turned over to the "de facto forces" (Christian and associated militias supported and supplied by Israel). Israel thus retained a degree of military power in the area and continued its fight against the PLO and its Lebanese allies. UNIFIL's efforts to implement its mandate in these conditions inevitably met with only partial success and caused the Force to suffer significant casualties. In June 1982, Israel invaded Lebanon again. This invasion changed UNIFIL's situation drastically. For three years, UNIFIL in its entirety remained behind the Israeli lines, with its role limited to providing protection and humanitarian assistance to the local population to the extent possible. In 1985, Israel carried out a partial withdrawal, but it retained control of an area in southern Lebanon, manned by the Israel Defence Forces (IDF) and by Lebanese de facto forces (DFF), the so-called "South Lebanon Army". The situation in southern Lebanon continues to be tense and volatile. The boundaries of the Israeli- controlled area have not been clearly defined but are determined de facto by the forward positions of IDF/DFF. Within the area of operation of UNIFIL, IDF/DFF maintain 72 military positions. IDF/DFF remain targets for attacks by armed groups opposed to the occupation. For their part, IDF/DFF react vigorously to these attacks, often with heavy weapons and with air support from Israel. UNIFIL has thus been prevented from carrying out its mandate. In the circumstances, it endeavours, to the best of its ability, to prevent its area of operations from being used for hostile activities and to protect civilians caught in the conflict. In carrying out its tasks, the Force is sometimes hampered by firing in close vicinity to its positions and personnel. On a few occasions, UNIFIL has itself been the target of violence. UNIFIL's operations are based on a network of positions which are manned 24 hours a day. The Force maintains 45 checkpoints, whose function is to control movement on the principal roads in UNIFIL's area; 95 observation posts, whose function is to observe movement on and off the roads; and 29 checkpoints/observation posts which combine the functions of control and observation. Each is assigned responsibility for ensuring that hostile activities are not undertaken from the area surrounding it. This involves not only keeping watch from the position but also patrolling on foot or by vehicle in its vicinity. In addition, unarmed military observers of the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO) maintain five observation posts and operate five mobile teams in the area under Israeli control. The UNTSO observers are under the operational control of UNIFIL's Commander. UNIFIL's network of positions and the patrols mounted from them also play a central role in the Force's performance of its humanitarian task. They provide the civilian population with protection and with a source of help if they are subjected to harassment. Within available resources, UNIFIL also provides civilians with medical supplies, water, food, fuel, electricity, engineering work and escort for farmers. UNIFIL medical centres and mobile teams have provided care to an average of 3,000 civilian patients per month and a field dental programme has also been provided. In accordance with its mandate of assisting the Government of Lebanon in ensuring the return of its effective authority in the UNIFIL area, UNIFIL and the Lebanese military authorities worked out arrangements for the transfer to the Lebanese army of responsibility for the western part of the Force's Ghanaian battalion sector. The hand-over, which involved the vacating of eight UNIFIL positions, was completed in early April 1992. In a follow-up hand-over, additional area comprising three villages, including the former Ghanaian battalion headquarters at Marakah, was handed over to the Lebanese Army on 16 February 1993. In July 1994, in his periodic report to the Security Council, the Secretary-General stated that although UNIFIL continued to be prevented from implementing its mandate, its contribution to stability in the region and the protection it provided to the local population remained important. He recommended that the Council extend UNIFIL's mandate for a further period of six months, that is until 31 January 1995. The Security Council approved that recommendation. COMPOSITION OF UNIFIL At present, UNIFIL has 5,187 troops provided by the following countries (figures as at 30 November 1994): COUNTRY, TROOPS
Figures may vary from month to month due to rotation. "Troops" include any infantry, logistics, engineering, medical, move-con, staff, etc. In addition, 59 military observers from UNTSO 's Observer Group Lebanon assist the Force in the performance of its tasks. UNIFIL employs some 540 civilian staff, of whom 148 are recruited internationally. FINANCIAL ASPECTS The rough cost to the United Nations of UNIFIL in 1994 was approximately $142.3 million. The costs of the operation are met by the assessed contributions of the United Nations Member States. As at 30 November 1994, total contributions outstanding to the UNIFIL Special Account for the period from the inception of the operation to 31 January 1995 amounted to approximately $232.4 million. Note: Data effective 30 November 1994 |
[26] WHO
ATTACKED ISRAEL?; Historical and Investigative Research; 21 July
2006; by Francisco Gil-White.
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hezbollah.htm
[27] WHO
ATTACKED ISRAEL?; Historical and Investigative Research; 21 July
2006; by Francisco Gil-White.
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hezbollah.htm
[28] TO
SEE WHERE ISRAEL IS HEADED, VISIT KOSOVO; Historical and
Investigative Research; 8 July 2006; by Francisco Gil-White.
http://www.hirhome.com/yugo/kosovo_junger.htm
[29]
NEWS BRIEFS; 12:37 Jul-23-06
Peretz Opens Door to NATO Force
http://www.israelnn.com/news.php3?id=108108
(IsraelNN.com) "Defense Minister Amir Peretz (Labor) stated Sunday morning that Israel would allow a NATO force to patrol in Lebanon. He said the presence of an international force is due to the 'weakness of the Lebanese army.' However, European officials have pushed for a United National force. Previous U.N. patrols have been ineffective and often have openly aided Hizbullah terrorists to attack Israel.
Minister Peretz spoke
following a meeting with German Foreign Minister Frank Walter
Steinmeier. Israel and NATO have forged closer relations the
past year, and NATO officials visited Jerusalem earlier this
year."

NATO logo.
ISRAEL an HIR series < Understanding the US position | 1 < Understanding the US position | 2 < The Arab reaction, and what it means < Who is killing Lebanese civilians? | 1 < Who is killing Lebanese civilians? | 2 |

UN post on the Lebanese- Israeli border. The UN and Hezbollah flags fly side by side.
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UN
flag
Hezbollah flag
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What will happen is that the multinational force on the Israel-Lebanon border will make it impossible in the future for Israel to prevent the Hezbollification of Lebanon. Once that is accomplished, the multinational force will leave and Israel will be destroyed. If you want to see where Israel is headed, take a look at Kosovo. |
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Notify me of new HIR pieces!
Hezbollah Hizbollah Hizbu'llah Hizb'allah
What is Hezbollah?
What is Hizbollah?
What is Hizbu'llah?
What is Hizb'allah?
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hezbollah.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hezbollah2.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hezbollah3.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hezbollah4.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hezbollah4_2.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hezbollah5.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hezbollah6.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hezbollah6_2.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hezbollah7.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hezbollah7_2.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hezbollah8.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/us_russia.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/us_russia.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/about_face.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/pal_mov.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/pal_mov2.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/pal_mov3.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/pal_mov4.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/eichmann.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/subtle.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/leaders1.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/leaders2.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/left_right2.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/mearsheimer_walt.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/seeds.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/mprot1.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/hirally.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/aipac.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/defense.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/ford.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/save.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/left_right1.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/israel/deir-yassin.htm
http://www.hirhome.com/yugo/ranta.htm